Why is this medication prescribed?

Diphenoxylate is primarily prescribed to treat diarrhea. It works by slowing down the movement of the intestines, which helps to reduce the frequency of bowel movements and relieve symptoms associated with diarrhea. By decreasing intestinal motility, diphenoxylate allows more time for water and electrolytes to be absorbed by the intestines, resulting in firmer stools and a reduction in diarrhea symptoms. It’s commonly used for both acute and chronic diarrhea, although it’s important to note that it should not be used to treat diarrhea caused by bacterial infections or toxins, as it does not address the underlying cause.

How should this medicine be used?

Typically, diphenoxylate is used in combination with atropine to reduce the risk of abuse, as diphenoxylate alone can have addictive properties. It’s available in tablet or liquid form, and the dosage can vary depending on the severity of the diarrhea and the individual’s response to the medication.

As for how it should be used, it’s crucial to follow the instructions provided by your healthcare provider or those on the medication label carefully. Usually, it’s taken orally with or without food, as directed by your doctor. Dosage and frequency can vary, so it’s essential to adhere to the prescribed regimen.

Since diphenoxylate can be habit-forming, it’s vital not to exceed the prescribed dose or use it for an extended period without medical supervision. If symptoms persist or worsen despite medication, it’s important to consult a healthcare professional. Additionally, never share this medication with others, especially if they have a history of substance abuse.

Other uses for this medicine

While diphenoxylate is primarily used to treat diarrhea, it’s essential to note that it has other potential uses as well. These include:

• Pain Management: Diphenoxylate, when combined with atropine, can also be used to relieve moderate to severe pain. However, its use for pain management is less common compared to its use for diarrhea.
• Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): In some cases, diphenoxylate may be prescribed to manage symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome, particularly diarrhea-predominant IBS, to help control bowel movements and reduce urgency.
• Opioid Withdrawal: Due to its opioid-like effects, diphenoxylate may be used as part of a treatment regimen to manage symptoms of opioid withdrawal. However, this usage is less common and should only be undertaken under medical supervision.

What special precautions should I follow?

As for special precautions when taking diphenoxylate, it’s important to follow these guidelines:

• Medical History: Inform your healthcare provider about any medical conditions you have, especially if you have a history of substance abuse, liver disease, kidney disease, or gastrointestinal disorders.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: If you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding, discuss the risks and benefits of using diphenoxylate with your doctor. The medication may not be suitable for use during pregnancy or while breastfeeding.
• Drug Interactions: Inform your doctor about all medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking, as diphenoxylate can interact with certain drugs, including antidepressants, antihistamines, and other medications that affect the central nervous system.
• Avoid Alcohol: Avoid consuming alcohol while taking diphenoxylate, as it can increase the risk of side effects such as drowsiness and dizziness.
• Driving and Operating Machinery: Diphenoxylate may cause drowsiness, dizziness, or blurred vision. Avoid driving, operating heavy machinery, or engaging in activities that require mental alertness until you know how the medication affects you.
• Avoid Overdose: Diphenoxylate can be habit-forming if used improperly or in high doses. Take the medication exactly as prescribed by your doctor and do not exceed the recommended dosage.

Always consult your healthcare provider for personalized advice and recommendations regarding the use of diphenoxylate.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

There are no specific dietary restrictions associated with diphenoxylate use. However, it’s essential to stay hydrated, especially if you are experiencing diarrhea. Drink plenty of fluids, such as water, broth, or electrolyte solutions, to prevent dehydration. Avoid consuming foods and beverages that may exacerbate diarrhea, such as dairy products, caffeine, and high-fiber foods, until symptoms improve.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

If you forget to take a dose of diphenoxylate, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up. Taking extra medication can increase the risk of side effects and complications. If you have any concerns or questions about missed doses, consult your healthcare provider or pharmacist for guidance.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Diphenoxylate, like any medication, can cause side effects. Common side effects may include:

• Drowsiness: Diphenoxylate can cause drowsiness or sedation, which may impair your ability to concentrate or operate machinery safely.
• Dizziness: Some individuals may experience dizziness while taking diphenoxylate, especially when standing up quickly from a sitting or lying position.
• Nausea and Vomiting: These gastrointestinal symptoms may occur, particularly when starting treatment or at higher doses.
• Constipation: Since diphenoxylate slows down intestinal motility, it can lead to constipation in some people, especially if taken for an extended period.
• Abdominal Pain or Cramping: These symptoms may occur, especially if diphenoxylate is not effectively controlling diarrhea or if there is an underlying gastrointestinal condition.
• Blurred Vision: Some individuals may experience blurred vision while taking diphenoxylate, which may affect their ability to see clearly.
• Urinary Retention: In rare cases, diphenoxylate may cause difficulty urinating or urinary retention, particularly in individuals with preexisting urinary issues.
• Confusion or Hallucinations: These cognitive side effects are less common but may occur, especially in sensitive individuals or at higher doses.
• Allergic Reactions: Although rare, some people may experience allergic reactions to diphenoxylate, characterized by symptoms such as rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing. Seek medical attention immediately if you experience any signs of an allergic reaction.
• Addiction or Dependence: Diphenoxylate has the potential for abuse and addiction, especially when taken in higher doses or for longer than prescribed. It should be used cautiously, and individuals with a history of substance abuse should be monitored closely.

It’s important to note that not everyone will experience these side effects, and some individuals may tolerate diphenoxylate well. If you experience any persistent or severe side effects while taking diphenoxylate, contact your healthcare provider for further evaluation and guidance. Additionally, if you have any concerns about potential side effects, discuss them with your doctor or pharmacist before starting the medication.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and Disposal:

• Storage: Store diphenoxylate tablets or liquid at room temperature away from light and moisture. Avoid storing it in the bathroom or other areas with high humidity. Keep it out of reach of children and pets.
• Disposal: Dispose of any unused or expired diphenoxylate medication properly according to local regulations or guidelines. Do not flush it down the toilet or pour it down the drain unless instructed to do so. Instead, consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company for safe disposal methods.

In case of emergency/overdose

• Seek Medical Attention: In case of an overdose or emergency, such as severe drowsiness, difficulty breathing, loss of consciousness, or unresponsiveness, seek immediate medical attention by calling emergency services or going to the nearest emergency room.
• Poison Control: If you suspect an overdose but the person is conscious and alert, contact your local poison control center or the National Poison Control Helpline (1-800-222-1222 in the United States) for guidance on what steps to take.

What other information should I know?

• Follow Doctor’s Instructions: Take diphenoxylate exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider. Do not increase or decrease the dose without consulting your doctor.
• Avoid Alcohol: Avoid consuming alcohol while taking diphenoxylate, as it can increase the risk of side effects such as drowsiness and dizziness.
• Driving and Operating Machinery: Diphenoxylate may cause drowsiness, dizziness, or blurred vision. Avoid driving, operating heavy machinery, or engaging in activities that require mental alertness until you know how the medication affects you.
• Medical Monitoring: Your doctor may need to monitor your condition regularly while you are taking diphenoxylate, especially if you are using it for an extended period.
• Interactions: Inform your healthcare provider about all medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking, as diphenoxylate can interact with certain drugs.
• Avoid Overdose: Diphenoxylate can be habit-forming if used improperly or in high doses. Take the medication exactly as prescribed by your doctor and do not exceed the recommended dosage.

Always consult your healthcare provider or pharmacist if you have any questions or concerns about diphenoxylate or its use.