Why is this medication prescribed?

Dronabinol is a synthetic form of THC, the active ingredient in marijuana, and is prescribed for various medical conditions. It’s primarily used to treat nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy in patients who have not responded to standard antiemetic therapy. Additionally, it may be prescribed to stimulate appetite in patients with AIDS who experience weight loss due to HIV-related wasting syndrome.

How should this medicine be used?

Dronabinol, is a prescription medication containing synthetic THC, the active ingredient in cannabis. It’s primarily used to treat nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy in patients who have not responded to other anti-nausea medications.

Dronabinol capsules should be taken exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Typically, the recommended starting dose for nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy is 5 mg taken orally 1 to 3 hours before chemotherapy, and then every 2 to 4 hours after chemotherapy, up to 6 doses per day. However, dosing may vary based on individual patient factors, so follow your doctor’s instructions carefully.

The liquid form of dronabinol should also be used according to your doctor’s instructions. The dosing regimen may be similar to that of the capsules, but the concentration of THC in the liquid may differ, so it’s important to follow the specific dosing instructions provided with the medication.

It’s essential to take dronabinol exactly as prescribed and not to adjust the dosage or frequency without consulting your doctor first. Additionally, be sure to inform your doctor about any other medications or substances you are taking, as dronabinol can interact with certain medications.

As with any medication, dronabinol may cause side effects, so it’s important to be aware of these and report any concerning symptoms to your doctor. Common side effects may include dizziness, drowsiness, confusion, euphoria, dry mouth, and changes in mood. Rare but serious side effects may include hallucinations, paranoia, and seizures.

If you have any questions or concerns about how to use dronabinol, don’t hesitate to reach out to your healthcare provider for guidance.

Other uses for this medicine

In addition to its primary uses for managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting and stimulating appetite in AIDS patients, Dronabinol may also be prescribed off-label for other conditions, such as chronic pain, neuropathy, and multiple sclerosis-related spasticity. However, the off-label use should be discussed thoroughly with your healthcare provider, as the effectiveness and safety may vary for each condition.

What special precautions should I follow?

When taking Dronabinol, it’s important to follow certain precautions:

• Medical History: Inform your doctor about your medical history, especially if you have a history of substance abuse, psychiatric disorders, heart problems, or if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.
• Driving and Operating Machinery: Dronabinol may cause dizziness, drowsiness, and impaired judgment. Avoid driving, operating machinery, or engaging in activities that require mental alertness until you know how this medication affects you.
• Alcohol and Other Drugs: Avoid consuming alcohol or using other drugs that may cause drowsiness or dizziness while taking Dronabinol, as it can enhance these effects.
• Psychiatric Effects: Dronabinol may cause psychiatric side effects such as anxiety, hallucinations, paranoia, and depression. If you experience any of these symptoms, contact your doctor immediately.
• Interactions: Inform your doctor about all prescription, over-the-counter, and herbal medications you are taking, as Dronabinol may interact with certain medications, including CNS depressants, anticholinergic drugs, and drugs that affect liver enzymes.
• Storage: Store Dronabinol capsules and solution at room temperature away from light and moisture. Keep it out of reach of children and pets.
• Regular Monitoring: Your doctor may need to monitor your progress regularly while you are taking Dronabinol to ensure it is working effectively and to check for any side effects.

Always consult with your healthcare provider if you have any questions or concerns about taking Dronabinol, and never alter your dosage or stop taking the medication without their guidance.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

There are no specific dietary restrictions associated with Dronabinol. However, it’s essential to maintain a healthy diet and stay hydrated, especially if you’re experiencing nausea or vomiting as a result of chemotherapy. Eating small, frequent meals and avoiding spicy or greasy foods may help manage these symptoms.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

If you miss a dose of Dronabinol, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Dronabinol, like any medication, can cause side effects. Some common side effects include:

• Dizziness: Dronabinol can cause feelings of dizziness or lightheadedness, especially when standing up from a sitting or lying position.
• Drowsiness: Some individuals may experience increased drowsiness or sedation while taking Dronabinol.
• Euphoria: Dronabinol can produce feelings of euphoria or a “high,” particularly at higher doses.
• Dry Mouth: Dry mouth (xerostomia) is a common side effect of Dronabinol.
• Increased Heart Rate: Dronabinol may cause a temporary increase in heart rate (tachycardia) in some individuals.
• Low Blood Pressure: Some people may experience a drop in blood pressure (hypotension) while taking Dronabinol, leading to feelings of lightheadedness or fainting.
• Confusion or Disorientation: Dronabinol can cause cognitive impairment, leading to confusion or disorientation, particularly in older adults or at higher doses.
• Anxiety or Paranoia: In some cases, Dronabinol may worsen anxiety or induce feelings of paranoia, especially in susceptible individuals.
• Hallucinations: Rarely, Dronabinol may cause hallucinations or perceptual disturbances.
• Mood Changes: Dronabinol can affect mood, leading to changes such as irritability, agitation, or mood swings.
• Impaired Coordination: Some individuals may experience impaired coordination or difficulty with motor skills while taking Dronabinol.
• Nausea and Vomiting: Ironically, while Dronabinol is often prescribed to alleviate nausea and vomiting, it can sometimes cause these symptoms as side effects, particularly at the start of treatment.
• Psychiatric Effects: In susceptible individuals, Dronabinol may exacerbate or trigger psychiatric conditions such as depression, anxiety disorders, or psychosis.

It’s essential to report any side effects you experience while taking Dronabinol to your healthcare provider. They can help manage these side effects and determine whether any adjustments to your treatment are necessary. Additionally, if you experience severe or persistent side effects, seek medical attention promptly.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and disposal of Dronabinol:

• Storage: Store Dronabinol capsules and solution at room temperature, away from light and moisture. Avoid storing it in the bathroom or in places where it might get exposed to excessive heat or humidity. Keep it out of reach of children and pets.
• Disposal: Dispose of unused or expired Dronabinol capsules or solution properly according to local regulations or guidelines. Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Contact your pharmacist or local waste disposal facility for proper disposal instructions.

In case of emergency/overdose

If you suspect an overdose or experience severe symptoms such as severe dizziness, fainting, confusion, hallucinations, rapid heart rate, or difficulty breathing after taking Dronabinol, seek emergency medical attention immediately. You can also contact your local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222 (in the United States) for guidance.

What other information should I know?

• Medical Alert: Inform healthcare providers, including dentists and emergency personnel, that you are taking Dronabinol. Carry a medical alert card or wear a medical alert bracelet to indicate that you are using this medication.
• Regular Follow-up: Attend all scheduled appointments with your doctor for regular follow-up and monitoring while taking Dronabinol. Your doctor may need to adjust your dosage or monitor for side effects.
• Avoid Alcohol: Avoid consuming alcohol while taking Dronabinol, as it can increase the risk of drowsiness and dizziness.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: If you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding, discuss the risks and benefits of using Dronabinol with your doctor. It’s essential to weigh the potential benefits against potential risks to the fetus or infant.
• Driving and Operating Machinery: Dronabinol may impair your ability to drive or operate machinery. Avoid these activities until you know how Dronabinol affects you.
• Medical Advice: Always consult your healthcare provider or pharmacist if you have any questions or concerns about taking Dronabinol, including its use, dosage, side effects, or interactions with other medications.

By following these guidelines and being aware of important information about Dronabinol, you can use it safely and effectively as prescribed by your healthcare provider.