Why is this medication prescribed?

Cetirizine is an antihistamine medication commonly prescribed to relieve symptoms of allergic conditions such as hay fever (allergic rhinitis) and hives (urticaria). It works by blocking the action of histamine, a substance in the body that causes allergic symptoms like sneezing, itching, watery eyes, and runny nose.

How should this medicine be used?

Here are some general guidelines for its use:

• Follow Doctor’s Instructions: Always take Cetirizine exactly as prescribed by your doctor or as directed on the package label.
• Timing: Cetirizine is usually taken once daily. It can be taken at any time of day, but consistency in timing can help maintain steady levels of the medication in your body.
• Swallowing Tablets: Take tablets with a full glass of water. Do not crush or chew extended-release tablets unless instructed by your doctor.
• Chewable Tablets: Chew the tablet completely before swallowing.
• Syrup (Liquid): Measure the dose carefully using the measuring device provided. Shake the bottle well before each use.
• Missed Dose: If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
• Duration: Continue taking Cetirizine regularly for as long as your doctor prescribes, even if your symptoms improve.

Always follow the specific instructions provided by your healthcare provider or the directions on the medication label. This ensures safe and effective use of Cetirizine for your allergy symptoms.

Other uses for this medicine

• Non-allergic Rhinitis: Cetirizine may sometimes be used to alleviate symptoms of non-allergic rhinitis, which involves symptoms like nasal congestion, sneezing, and runny nose not caused by allergies.
• Dermatological Conditions: It may be prescribed to help relieve itching and other symptoms associated with certain skin conditions.

What special precautions should I follow?

When using Cetirizine, it’s important to take certain precautions to ensure its safe and effective use:

• Allergic Reactions: If you have a known allergy to Cetirizine or any other antihistamines, inform your healthcare provider before starting this medication.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Consult your doctor before using Cetirizine if you are pregnant or breastfeeding. Although Cetirizine is generally considered safe during pregnancy, it’s important to weigh the benefits and risks with your healthcare provider.
• Children: Use caution when giving Cetirizine to children, especially younger ones. Dosage may need to be adjusted based on their age and weight. Follow your doctor’s instructions carefully.
• Elderly: Elderly patients may be more sensitive to the effects of Cetirizine. Lower doses may be recommended for this population.
• Kidney or Liver Problems: If you have kidney or liver disease, your doctor may adjust your dosage of Cetirizine or recommend a different treatment altogether.
• Other Medications: Inform your doctor about all other medications you are taking, including prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications, and supplements. Some medications may interact with Cetirizine, affecting how it works or increasing the risk of side effects.
• Alcohol: Limit or avoid alcohol consumption while taking Cetirizine, as it may increase drowsiness and dizziness.
• Driving and Operating Machinery: Cetirizine may cause drowsiness in some people. If you experience drowsiness, avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until you know how this medication affects you.
• Medical Conditions: If you have any medical conditions such as epilepsy or glaucoma, discuss with your doctor how Cetirizine may affect these conditions and whether it’s safe for you to use.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and read the medication guide or patient information leaflet provided with Cetirizine for more specific details and precautions.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

There are no specific dietary restrictions associated with Cetirizine. You can take it with or without food. However, if you experience drowsiness as a side effect, avoiding heavy meals or alcohol might help reduce this effect.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

• Take the Missed Dose as Soon as You Remember: If you miss a dose of Cetirizine and it is not close to the time of your next scheduled dose, take it as soon as you remember.
• Skip the Missed Dose If It’s Almost Time for Your Next Dose: If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule.
• Do Not Double Up on Doses: Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one. Taking more than the prescribed dose of Cetirizine can increase the risk of side effects.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Cetirizine, like any medication, can cause side effects. Not everyone experiences these side effects, and their severity can vary. Common side effects of Cetirizine include:

• Drowsiness: This is one of the most common side effects, although Cetirizine is considered a non-sedating antihistamine compared to older antihistamines.
• Dry mouth: Some people may experience a dry mouth sensation while taking Cetirizine.
• Fatigue: Feeling tired or fatigued is another possible side effect, especially in the initial days of treatment.
• Headache: Headaches can occur as a side effect of Cetirizine.
• Dizziness: Some individuals may feel dizzy while taking Cetirizine.
• Sore throat: A mild sore throat can occasionally be experienced.
• Abdominal pain: Some people may have discomfort or pain in the abdomen.
• Nausea: Feeling nauseous is another potential side effect.
• Diarrhea: Diarrhea can occur in some individuals.
• Allergic reactions: In rare cases, allergic reactions such as rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness, or trouble breathing may occur. Seek immediate medical attention if you experience any signs of a serious allergic reaction.

Although less common, serious side effects of Cetirizine can include:

• Irregular heartbeat
• Mental/mood changes (such as agitation, confusion)
• Difficulty urinating

If you experience any serious side effects, it’s crucial to seek medical attention promptly.

If you have concerns about the side effects of Cetirizine or experience any unusual symptoms while taking it, discuss them with your healthcare provider. They can provide guidance on managing side effects or may recommend alternative treatments if necessary.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and Disposal of Cetirizine:

• Storage:
  • Store Cetirizine at room temperature, away from moisture and heat.
  • Keep it in its original packaging or container to protect it from light.
  • Avoid storing Cetirizine in the bathroom or other humid places.
• Disposal:
  • Dispose of unused or expired Cetirizine properly to prevent accidental ingestion by children, pets, or others.
  • Follow any specific disposal instructions provided on the medication packaging or by your pharmacist.
  • If no disposal instructions are available, you can mix Cetirizine with undesirable substances (like coffee grounds or kitty litter) in a sealed plastic bag before throwing it away in the trash. This helps prevent accidental ingestion by animals or children.

In case of emergency/overdose

• In Case of Overdose: If you suspect an overdose of Cetirizine, seek emergency medical attention immediately or call your local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222.
• Symptoms of Overdose: Symptoms of Cetirizine overdose may include extreme drowsiness, confusion, agitation, restlessness, fast or pounding heartbeat, tremor, and difficulty urinating.
• What to Do: Provide emergency personnel or healthcare professionals with as much information as possible, including the amount of Cetirizine taken and when it was ingested.

What other information should I know?

• Regular Use: Take Cetirizine exactly as prescribed by your doctor or follow the instructions on the medication label.
• Medical Conditions: Inform your doctor about any medical conditions you have, especially kidney or liver disease, as dosage adjustments may be necessary.
• Drug Interactions: Inform your doctor about all other medications you are taking, including prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications, and supplements, as they may interact with Cetirizine.
• Alcohol: Limit or avoid alcohol consumption while taking Cetirizine, as it may increase drowsiness and other side effects.
• Driving and Activities: Be cautious when driving or operating machinery, as Cetirizine may cause drowsiness.
• Follow-up: Attend follow-up appointments with your doctor to monitor your response to Cetirizine and to discuss any concerns or side effects.

By following these guidelines and being aware of the proper storage, disposal, emergency procedures in case of overdose, and other relevant information, you can use Cetirizine safely and effectively for managing your allergic symptoms. If you have any questions or concerns, don’t hesitate to consult your healthcare provider or pharmacist for clarification and guidance.