Why is this medication prescribed?

Casodex (bicalutamide) is prescribed primarily for the treatment of prostate cancer. It belongs to a class of medications known as anti-androgens, which work by blocking the action of androgens (male hormones like testosterone) that promote the growth of prostate cancer cells.

• Prostate Cancer Treatment: Casodex is used in combination with other treatments (such as surgery or other medications) or alone to treat prostate cancer. It is often prescribed in cases where the cancer has spread locally or metastasized.
• Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT): It is frequently part of androgen deprivation therapy, where the goal is to reduce the levels of male hormones in the body to slow the growth of prostate cancer cells.

How should this medicine be used?

Here are the general guidelines for Casodex use:

• Dosage: Casodex is usually taken orally in the form of tablets. The typical starting dose is 50 mg once daily.
• Duration: The duration of treatment with Casodex can vary depending on the stage of prostate cancer and the overall treatment plan established by the healthcare provider. It may be used for weeks to years, depending on the individual’s response and the progression of the cancer.
• Combination Therapy: Casodex is often used in combination with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analog (such as leuprolide or goserelin) to achieve maximum suppression of androgens in the body.
• Monitoring: Regular monitoring by healthcare providers is essential during Casodex treatment to assess its effectiveness and monitor for any potential side effects.
• Adherence: It is crucial to take Casodex exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Do not adjust your dose or stop taking it without consulting your healthcare provider, as this can affect the effectiveness of the treatment.
• Side Effects: Like all medications, Casodex can cause side effects. Common side effects include hot flashes, breast tenderness or enlargement, gastrointestinal disturbances, and fatigue. Serious side effects are rare but can include liver problems or allergic reactions.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions regarding the use of Casodex and report any unusual symptoms or concerns promptly.

Other uses for this medicine

• Hirsutism: Casodex has been studied in the treatment of hirsutism (excessive hair growth) in women, particularly in cases where the condition is driven by androgen excess.
• Acne: There is some evidence suggesting Casodex may be effective in treating severe acne that is resistant to other treatments, again due to its anti-androgenic effects.
• Transgender Hormone Therapy: In transgender women, Casodex has been used off-label as part of hormone therapy to block the effects of testosterone and promote feminization.

What special precautions should I follow?

Special precautions for Casodex:

• Liver Function: Before starting Casodex treatment, your doctor will likely perform tests to assess your liver function. Casodex can occasionally cause liver problems, so monitoring liver enzymes during treatment is important.
• Interactions: Inform your doctor about all medications, vitamins, and herbal supplements you are taking before starting Casodex. Some medications, such as certain anticoagulants (blood thinners), may interact with Casodex.
• Allergies: If you have a known allergy to bicalutamide or any other components of Casodex, inform your healthcare provider. Allergic reactions to medications can be serious and require immediate medical attention.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Casodex should not be used by women, particularly during pregnancy or breastfeeding, as it can cause harm to the developing fetus or nursing infant.
• Side Effects: Be aware of potential side effects of Casodex, such as hot flashes, breast tenderness, gastrointestinal disturbances, and fatigue. Report any unusual or severe symptoms to your doctor promptly.
• Regular Monitoring: Your doctor will monitor your condition and response to Casodex regularly through physical exams, blood tests, and other assessments. Follow-up appointments are crucial to ensure the treatment is working effectively and safely.
• Psychological Effects: Some individuals may experience mood changes or depression while taking Casodex. If you notice any significant changes in mood or behavior, discuss them with your healthcare provider.

Always adhere to your healthcare provider’s instructions and do not adjust your Casodex dosage or stop taking it without consulting them first. They will provide personalized guidance based on your medical history and individual circumstances.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

If you miss a dose of Casodex, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Casodex (bicalutamide) can cause various side effects, although not everyone experiences them. Common side effects may include:

• Hot flashes: A sudden feeling of warmth, often with sweating.
• Breast changes: Enlargement, tenderness, or pain in the breasts.
• Gastrointestinal effects: Nausea, diarrhea, or constipation.
• Fatigue: Feeling tired or weak.
• Liver function abnormalities: Elevated liver enzymes, which may indicate liver problems.
• Mood changes: Including depression or changes in mood.
• Dizziness: Feeling lightheaded or dizzy.
• Edema: Swelling in the ankles, feet, or hands.
• Skin reactions: Rash or itching.
• Sexual side effects: Decreased libido (sex drive) or erectile dysfunction.

Less commonly, Casodex can cause more serious side effects such as:

• Liver toxicity: Rarely, Casodex can cause severe liver problems. Signs may include yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice), dark urine, or persistent nausea.
• Allergic reactions: Such as rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, or trouble breathing.

It’s essential to report any unusual or severe symptoms to your healthcare provider promptly. They can help manage side effects and determine if any adjustments to your treatment are necessary. Regular monitoring during Casodex treatment is typically recommended to detect and manage side effects early.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and disposal of Casodex:

• Storage: Store Casodex tablets at room temperature between 20-25°C (68-77°F). Keep the medication in its original container, tightly closed, and away from moisture and light.
• Disposal: Dispose of unused or expired Casodex tablets according to local regulations and guidelines. Do not flush them down the toilet or throw them in the trash. Ask your pharmacist or healthcare provider about the proper disposal method

In case of emergency/overdose

In case of overdose or emergency, contact your local poison control center (1-800-222-1222 in the United States) or seek emergency medical attention immediately. Symptoms of overdose may include dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and loss of consciousness.

What other information should I know?

• Follow-up appointments: Attend all scheduled appointments with your healthcare provider for monitoring your condition and response to Casodex.
• Blood tests: Your doctor may perform blood tests periodically to monitor your liver function and overall health during Casodex treatment.
• Medical alert: Inform other healthcare providers (dentists, surgeons, emergency room doctors) that you are taking Casodex, especially before any surgical procedures or dental work.
• Pregnancy and breastfeeding: Casodex should not be used by women, particularly during pregnancy or breastfeeding, as it can cause harm to the developing fetus or nursing infant.
• Keep a list of medications: Maintain a list of all medications you are taking, including prescription, over-the-counter, vitamins, and herbal supplements, and provide it to your healthcare provider to avoid potential drug interactions.
• Patient support: Consider joining a support group or seeking counseling if you have concerns or emotional challenges related to your condition and treatment.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions regarding Casodex and consult them with any questions or concerns you may have about the medication or its usage.